Maths:Topic Eight: "Probability"

Topic Eight: "Probability" 

Definition: 

Mathematicians use the words “experiment” and “outcome” in a very wide sense.

Any process of observation or measurement is called an experiment. Noting down whether a

newborn baby is male or female, tossing a coin, picking up a ball from a bag containing balls

of different colours and observing the number of accidents at a particular place in a day are

some examples of experiments.

A random experiment is one in which the exact outcome cannot be predicted

before conducting the experiment. However, one can list out all possible outcomes of the

experiment.

The set of all possible outcomes of a random experiment is called its sample space and

it is denoted by the letter S. Each repetition of the experiment is called a trial.

A subset of the sample space S is called an event.

Let A be a subset of S. If the experiment, when conducted, results in an outcome that

belongs to A, then we say that the event A has occurred.

Examples:

Let us illustrate random experiment, sample space, events with the help of some

examples.

Reference:

www.textbooksonline.tn.nic.in/books/std10/std10-maths-em-2.pdf